[英语四级]大学英语四级高频词汇表—详细版续
&&180. coil n.（一）卷，（一）圈；【电】线圈
v. 卷，盘绕
& A coil of thick blue smoke rose up from his
& She coiled her hair at the back of her
&181. adult n. 成年人；adj.①成年的 ②成熟的，老练的
&【搭配】young adults 青壮年; assume adult responsibility
承担成人的职责; act like an adult 按成人的样子行事 ; in sb.’s adult life
在某人的成年生活阶段
&【例】I will try to be adult about the
situation.
Betsy is a rather adult child.
Are you adult enough to know that there are two side to every
&182. advertise v. ①（在报刊，电视等）公告，宣传 ②为…做广告，宣传
③通告，告知
&【例】We decided to advertise our car in the local
newspaper.
They advertised their goods for sale extensively and heavily.
Please advertise him of my intention to compromise.
&183. advertisement n. 广告，公告，启事
&【搭配】place (或put) an advertisement on the
television 在电视上播放一则广告
answer and advertisement in a newspaper&
应报纸广告之聘
&【例】Today’s newspaper carries (或runs, has) an
advertisement for a computer program.
The trial was meant as an advertisement for British justice.
&184. agency n. ①代理行，经销处；②专业行政部门；③公众服务机构
【搭配】an advertising agency 广告代理公司; an employment agency 职业介绍所;
government agency 各政府部门; Economic Planning Agency （日）经济企划厅; a news
agency 通讯社; a travel agency 旅行社；the Central Intelligence Agency
（美国）中情局
【例】This firm has agencies all over the world.
&He used to be a general manager of an advertising
【扩展】 agent n. 代理人，代理商
185. focus n. ①(注意，活动，兴趣等)集中点，重点 ②【物】焦点 v. 聚焦，集中(on)
【搭配】focus one’s attention on a question 把注意力集中在某一问题上; focus one’s
anger on sb.把怒火集中在某人身上 ; bring …into focus 调准焦距; in focus
焦距对准的，清晰的; out of focus 焦距没对准的，模糊的
【例】I think Dave likes to be the focus of the attention.
&Lately the main focus of monetary policy has
shifted to interest rates.
186. forbid v. ①不许，禁止 ②阻止，制止
【搭配】forbid sb. to smoke 不许某人抽烟；forbid sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事；forbid the use of offensive language 禁止使用淫亵语言
【例】The law forbids the sale of cigarettes to people under the age
&She forbade children to watch television because
she thought it was a corrupting influence.
187. debate vt. 辩论，争论，讨论 n. 辩论，争论，讨论
【搭配】debate a question with sb. 同某人辩论问题 ; a Parliamentary debate
议会辩论; the question under debate was …争论的问题是…
【例】We were debating whether to go by bus or by train.
&They had been debating for several hours without
reaching a conclusion.
【扩展】debater n. 辩论家；好辩论者
188. debt n. ①欠债，债务；②义务，恩义
【搭配】pay one’s debt 还债； pay off one’s debt 还清债务; pay a soldier’s
debt 履行军人的义务; run(或get) into debt 欠债; stay out of debt 不欠债; in
sb.’s debt 受某人恩惠，欠某人的人情债; be in debt to sb. 欠某人的债
【例】You are doing it in the interest of national unity and the whole
country will be in your debt.
&He was six thousand dollars in debt.
189. decade n. 十年
&The custom has prevailed for decades.
这风俗已盛行数十年了
&190. enclose vt. ①（从四面八方）围住，圈住 ②把…装入信封；附入
&【搭配】the enclosed 函内附件；Enclosed, please find
……兹附上
&【例】In that village, most of families enclosed
their yards with fence.
A check is enclosed herewith. 随信附上支票一张
&【扩展】enclosure n. 附件
&191. encounter vt. ①意外地遇到；②遭遇 n. ①意外地遇到；②遭遇
&【搭配】encounter difficulties (danger, trouble,
opposition) 遭到困难（危险，麻烦，反对）
&【例】One rainy night the policeman had the chance
encounter with a gang of smugglers.
在一个雨夜，那位警察正巧了一伙走私犯。
He once had a very frightening encounter with a wild pig.
&192. globe n. 地球，世界；地球仪
&【搭配】the globe 地球，世界; come from every corner of
the globe 来自世界各地; every habitable part of the globe
地球上每一个有人居住的地方
&【例】My father wanted an antique globe for his
She spun the globe, and pointed to the English Channel.
&193. global adj. 全球的，全世界的
&【搭配】global strategy 全球战略; global economy
&【例】The oil-well fires are a regional but not a
global catastrophe.
The minister blamed the rise in unemployment on the global economic
recession.
&【扩展】 globalization 全球化; globalism 全球主义
&194. scan vt./n.
①细看，反复查看；审视；②（电视，雷达光束等）扫描；③浏览
&【例】He scans the headlines of newspapers every
The patient scanned the doctor’s face for a sign of hope.
The area was scanned for signs of enemy aircraft.
该空域由雷达扫描以便发现敌机踪迹。
&【扩展】skim v.略读
&195. scandal n. 丑行，丑事，丑闻
&【搭配】a financial / political / sex scandal
金融（或政治，性）丑闻；
&uncover / expose scandal 爆光丑闻；spread scandal
about sb. 传播有关某人的丑闻；
&cover up / hush up the scandal 掩盖丑闻事件
【例】The minister was forced to resign after a scandal involving him
and another minister’s wife.
&It is a scandal that in such a rich country there
are so many beggars on the streets.
【扩展】scandalous adj. 丑恶可耻的，丢脸的，使人反感的
196. significance n. ①重要性，重大 ②意义，含义
【搭配】be of great significance 意义重大的 ; give a new significance to
赋予…以新的含义；attach great significance to 对…高度重视
&【例】It is a mistake to attach too much
significance to these fluctuations. 过分重视这些涨落变动是错误的。
Nuclear developments have given a new significance to minerals
which were but poorly regarded. 原子能的发给予过去不大受重视的矿物以新的含义。
&【扩展】significant adj. ①有含义的，意味深长的
e.g: a significant wink 意味深长的一眨眼
&& a historically significant
meeting 一交具有历史意义的会议
②表示…的（of ）e.g: Smiles are significant of pleasure.
微笑是表示愉快的&& His actions were more
significant of his real purpose than were his words.
他的行动比他的言词更能说明他的真实目的。
③重要的，重大意义的 e.g : a significant piece of legislation 一项重要立法A little
man may be a very significant.
小人物有时可以起非常重要的作用。&&
④ 相当数量的；不可忽略的，值得注意的
e.g: a significant increase in crime 不可忽略的犯罪活动的增加
197. subsequent adj. 随后的，后来的；接下去的，连续的 【同】subsequential
【例】The story will be continued in subsequent issues of the
magazine.小说将继续在以后的几期杂志上连载。
&This incident was not without importance in the
subsequent development of events. 这一事件对以后的事态发展不无影响。
【扩展】subsequence n. 随后；随后发生的事
198. virtue n. ①正直的品行，品德，美德 ②优点，长处
&【搭配】by (或in ) virtue of 借助，凭借；因为，由于 ; make a
virtue of necessity 不得已而为之; a man of high virtue 品德高尚的人
&【例】The school had its drawbacks and it had its
Among her many virtues are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness.
她有许多美德，如忠诚、勇敢、率真。
Virtue is its own reward. 《谚》有德就有报
&【扩展】virtueless adj. 缺乏道德的；没有长处的
&199. virtual adj. 实际上起作用的；事实上生效的；实质上的
&【搭配】a virtual promise （非明确表示的）事实上的允诺; a virtual
impossibility 实质上不可能的事
【例】He was the virtual manager of the business. 他是这家公司的实际当家人。
&The officials hear this kind of talk in virtual
silence. 官方人员几乎一言不发地听着这种言论。
&The once elegant temple lay in virtual ruins.
一座当初精致的庙宇几乎成了一堆废墟。
200. orient vt. ①使适应，使熟悉情况 ②使朝向；以…为方向；以…为目的，重视(to, towards)
n. 〔the Orient〕东方，亚洲；（总称）东方国家&
&【例】In the markets, I breathed the smells of the
Orient. 在这些市场上，我闻到了东方国家的气味。
The majority of commodities should be oriented to people’s needs.
大多数商品都应该适应人民的需要。
Education was oriented to theory and distant facts.
当时的教育是以理论和久远的资料为方向。
&【扩展】oriental adj. 东方的；东方文化或国家的 e.g: the orient
way of life 东方生活方式
201. portion n. 一部分
(例) She only eats a small portion of food.她只吃分得的一小部分食物。202. target
n. 目标，靶子 vt. 瞄准
(例)The hunter's target was a wild animal.
这个猎人的目标是一只野兽;&
(例)The enemy’s missiles are targeted on our city.敌人的导弹对准我们这个城市。203.
portable a. 手提式的
(例)a portable book-computer便携式笔记本电脑204. decline v. 拒绝，谢绝 ，下降
(例)Decline with thanks.婉言谢绝；
(例)Market expect to decline.市场行情下跌。205. illusion n. 错觉，幻想
(例)I have no illusion about the future.我对未来不存幻想。
206. likelihood n. 可能，可能性
There's no likelihood of that happening.那事不可能发生。207. stripe n.
条纹& (例)A tiger has stripes.老虎（身上）有条纹。208.
emphasize vt. 强调，着重&
(例)He emphasized the need for hard work.他强调了苦干的必要。209. emotion n.
情感，感情&
(例)His voice shook with emotion.他的声音因激动而颤抖。
210. emotional a.
感情的，情绪（上）的&&
Cry is a strong emotional reaction.哭是一种强烈的情绪反应。
211. awful a. 极坏的，威严的，可怕的&
That's an awful book.那是一本很糟糕的书。
212. awkward a. 笨拙的，棘手的&
He's very awkward, he keeps dropping things.他很笨，总是丢东西。
213. clue n. 线索，提示&
The police found a clue which will help them catch the
robber.警察发现了能帮助他们抓住强盗的线索。
214. collision n. 碰撞，冲突&
a collision between two trains一次两列火车相撞事件 in collision with和...
相撞［冲突］
215. device n. 装置，设备&
(例)These newly-designed devices will appear on the exhibition next
month.这些新设计的器件将在下月的展览会上展出。216. devise vt.
发明，策划，想出&
(例)The Inquisition of the Medieval Ages devised many demoniac means
of torture.中世纪的宗教法庭创造了许多骇人听闻的酷刑。217. inevitable a.
不可避免的&
(例)Such a difficult operation may not succeed, it's an inevitable
gamble.这样难度很大的手术可能不成功,但这是一次非做不可的冒险。218. naval a.
(例)The naval port is silent and beautiful at night.军港之夜寂静而美丽。
219. navigation n. 航行&
(例)Navigation Acts航海条例220. necessity n.
必需品；必要性&
(例)Food and clothing are necessities of life.食物和衣服都是生活的必需品。
221. previous a. 先，前，以前的& (例)He has had no
previous experience of this kind of job.他从前没有做这种工作的经验。
222. provision n. [pl.]给养，口粮&
(例)Provisions are plentiful.粮食充足；设备，装置；准备& (例)They
make provision against possible disasters.他们采取措施防备可能发生的灾难。223.
pursue vt. 追逐 ，追求，从事，进行
(例)The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner.警方正在追捕一个在逃的犯人；
(例)People can not live only to pursue pleasure.人不能只为寻乐而活着；
(例)She pursued the study of English for five
years.她持续不断地学了五年英语。
224. stale a. 不新鲜的，陈腐的&
(例)stale bread不新鲜的面包，stale news陈旧的新闻225. substitute n.
代用品& vt. 代替
(例)Use plastics as a substitute for steel.用塑料做钢的代用品；
(例)If you cannot go yourself, please find someone to substitute
you.如果你不能亲自去就找个人代你去。
（搭配）substitute for代替...，替换...， 取代...；substitute sth. [sb.]
for用某物[某人]来代替
226. deserve vt. 应受，应得，值得
The article deserves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究.
227. discrimination n.
辨别，区别；识别力;差别，歧视&&
（例）We are strongly opposed to racial
discrimination.& 我们强烈反对种族歧视。
（搭配）sex discrimination 性别歧视，racial discrimination&
228. professional a. 职业的;专业的n. 专业人员
（例）That doctor has been accused of professional
misconduct.&& 那位医生被指控违反医德。
（例）This survey is the work of a real
professional.&&
这份调查是真正内行人做的.
（搭配）professional education 职业教育& a professional
baseball player 职业棒球选手& professional skill
专业的技术
229. secure& a.安全的，可靠的 v.
使安全；保护……（免于危险）,保证，确实，确保
（例）The little boy felt secure near his
parents.&& 那小男孩在父母身边感到安心。
230 security n.安全;保证金,抵押品,债券,证券（常用复数形式）
&What I need now is the security of a happy
我现在需要的是一个幸福家庭所给予的安全感。
&He uses his house as security to borrow the
money.&& 他用房子作借钱的抵押。
231. scratch& n.乱写, 刮擦声;抓痕, 擦伤vt.乱涂, 勾抹掉,擦, 刮, 搔,
抓, 挖出 vi. 发刮擦声, 搔, 抓
The child made a scratch on the door with his toy.
那小孩用玩具在门上刮了一条痕。
232. talent& n. 才能,人才,天资
（例）Have you got a talent for
painting?&& 你有绘画的才能吗?
（搭配）artistic talent 文艺才能 monumental talent非凡的才能
（扩展）scratchy adj. 潦草的, 凌乱的, 刺痛的,
233. insurance n. 保险
&（例）Did you claim on the insurance after your car
accident?&&
出了车祸后，你向保险公司要求赔偿了吗？
&（搭配）life insurance人寿保险 endowment insurance养老保险
Insurance agent 保险代理人 insurance claim 保险索赔
&（扩展）insure vt.给...保险v.确保 insurer n.保险业者,
保险公司insured n.被保险者, 保户adj.加入保险的
234. insure v. 保险,确保,投保...险
&His talent and dedication will insure his
success.&& 他的才气和执着将确保他成功。
235. nevertheless ad. 仍然,不过conj. 然而,不过
&The ne nevertheless, it's
true.&& 这消息也许是出乎预料，但它是真的。
236. neutral&a. 中立的,中性的n. 中立者
That country remained neutral in the
war.&& 那个国家在那场战争中保持中立。
237. spot& n. 污点,地点,斑点a. 当场的,现实买卖的v.
污点,认出,用灯光照射
【搭配】a red spot 红点&& on the spot
当场& spot one’s fame 玷污了名誉& spot
somebody 发现，找出某人
【例】He spotted his reputation by lying
repeatedly.&&
他因反复说谎而败坏了自己的名声。
&She spotted her friend in the
crowd.&& 她在人群中认出了她的朋友。
&Luckily there was a doctor on the
spot.&& 幸运的是现场有一位医生。
【扩展】spottable adj.(织物等)容易沾上污渍的 spotted adj.有斑点的, 弄污的, 斑纹的
238. spray&n. 水沫,喷雾器v. 喷雾,扫射,喷射
【搭配】a fine spray of perfume 一股香水的细雾 an insect spray 喷液杀虫剂
&【例】We parked the car by the sea and it got
covered with spray.&&
我们把汽车停在海边，结果车上全是水沫。
&He sprayed paint on the
wall.&& 他把漆喷在墙上。
&Water sprayed out over the
floor.&& 水喷洒在地上.
239. medium n. 媒体,方法,媒介a. 适中的,中等的
&【搭配】advertising medium 广告媒体& the
happy medium 中庸，中道& a man of medium height
中等身高的人& medium size 中号
【例】Sound travels through the medium of
air.&& 声音通过空气这一媒介传播
Commercial television is an effective medium for
advertising.&&
商业电视是有效的广告宣传工具.
&My gloves are size
medium.&& 我的手套尺寸是中号。
【扩展】media (medium的复数形式)
240. media n.
媒体,新闻媒介,传播媒介&&
【搭配】 the Mass media 大众传媒
【例】The media have a lot of power
today.&& 现在大众传播媒介有很大的力量。
The latest developments have just been released to the
media.&& 最新的进展情况已向大众传播媒介发表。
【扩展】medium (media 的单数形式)
241. auxiliary n. 帮助者,辅助物,助动词a. 附加的,辅助的
【搭配】auxiliary verb 助动词
&【例】We have an auxiliary generator in case of
power cuts.&&
我们有一台万一断电时使用的备用发电机。
&She is an auxiliary
nurse.&& 她是一名助理护士。
【扩展】auxilian n. 辅助人员
242. automatic n. 自动的机器a. 自动的,无意识的
【搭配】an automatic door 自动门 an automatic dishwasher 自动洗碗机
&【例】Many workers in the sorting office lost their
jobs when an automatic sorter was
introduced.&& 拣信室安装了自动拣信机之後,
许多拣信员都失业了.
&Many of our movements are automatic.
我们人体的许多动作都是无意识的。
【扩展】automatize vt.使自动化
243. compete&v. 竞争,对抗
&【搭配】Compete with [against] sb. for sth与某人竞争而获得某物
To compete against in a race& 在赛跑比赛中与…竞争
&【例】Several companies are competing for the
contract.&&
几家公司正为争取一项合同而互相竞争。
Companies must be able to compete in the
marketplace.&&
公司一定要在市场中有竞争力。
&【扩展】competent adj.有能力的, 胜任的 competency n.资格, 能力,
[律]作证能力 competition n.竞争, 竞赛 competitive adj.竞争的
244. competent& a. 有能力的,胜任的,足够的
【搭配】be competent to do something 有能力做某事 be competent for something
对某事胜任
【例】He is competent enough to fill that
position.&& 他足以胜任那职位。
&I summed her up as a competent
manager.&& 我认为她是个很能干的经理.
&【扩展】competency n.资格, 能力, [律]作证能力 competition
n.竞争, 竞赛 competitive adj.竞争的 compete&v.
245. competition]&n. 比赛,竞争
&【搭配】enter a competition 参加比赛&
hold a golf competition 举办高尔夫球赛& be in competition
with somebody for something 和某人为某物竞争
&【例】Everyone in modern society faces the keen
competition.&&
现代社会的每个人都面临着激烈的竞争。
Because there is so much unemployment, the competition for jobs is
fierce.&& 因为失业严重，求职的竞争十分激烈。
&【扩展】competent adj.有能力的, 胜任的 competency n.资格, 能力,
[律]作证能力 competition n.竞争, 竞赛 competitive adj.竞争的
246. distribute v. 分配,散布
&【搭配】distribute something to/ among somebody
把某物分给某人& distribute something over somewhere
在某地分配，分布
&【例】The books in the library were distributed
according to subjects.&&
图书馆里的藏书按科目分类。
&Some types of plants are widely
distributed.&& 有些植物分布得很广
【扩展】distribution n分配, 分发, 配给物,分布状态
247. disturb&v. 扰乱,妨碍,使...不安
【搭配】disturb somebody 打扰某人
&【例】She opened the door quietly so as not to
disturb the sleeping child.&&
她轻轻地开门, 以免惊扰了睡著的孩子.
【扩展】disturbance n.骚动, 动乱, 打扰, 干扰, 骚乱, 搅动 disturbed adj.扰乱的
248. infer v. 推论,推断
【搭配】infer…from…从……
&【例】It is possible to infer two completely
opposite conclusions from this set of
从这些事实中可能推断出两种截然相反的结论。
He infer from the letter that the accused know the murder
victim.&& 他从信中推断被告认识谋杀的受害者。
【扩展】inferable adj.能推理的, 能推论的 inference n.推论
249. integrate v. 整合,使...成整体&
【搭配】integrate with/ into 与……整和
【例】They integrate two groups into one. 他们把两组并为一组。
【扩展】integrated adj.综合的, 完整的 integration n.综合
250．moist&a. 潮湿的,湿润的
【搭配】moist air& 潮湿的空气
【例】The moist season has set in.&&
雨季已来临。
&Her eyes are moist with tears. 她的眼睛泪汪汪的
&【扩展】moisten vt.弄湿vi.变潮湿 moistly adv.潮湿地, 湿性地, 含泪地
moisture n. 潮湿,湿气
251. moisture n. 潮湿,湿气
&【例】If you air your quilt on such a wet day, it'll
soak up the moisture.&&
如果在这么潮湿的天晒被子，被子就会把湿气都吸去
&The plants drink in moisture from the
atmosphere.&& 植物从大气中吸取水分
&【扩展】moist&a. 潮湿的,湿润的moisten
vt.弄湿vi.变潮湿 moistly adv.潮湿地, 湿性地, 含泪地
252. promote vt. 促进；提升
The young army officer was promoted to
captain.这个年轻的军官得到了提升，现为上校
253. region n. 地区；范围；幅度
the Southern region of England 英格兰南部, in the region
254. register v./n.登记，注册
The car is registered in my name.这辆车是以我的名字登记的
255. stable a. 稳定的
The ladder isn’t very stable.这个梯子不太稳
256. sophisticated a. 老于世故的，老练的；很复杂的
It’s too difficult& for him to operate this new
sophisticated machine. 对他来说，操作这台复杂的机器太难了
257. splendid a. 极好的，壮丽的，辉煌的
&Their wedding was a splendid affair.
他们的婚礼非常盛大。258. cancel vt. 取消，废除
&The trip has been cancelled. 旅行已经取消了。259.
variable a. 易变的，可变的
&After the loss of his daughter, he has got a
variable temper. 失去女儿后，他变得反复无常。260. prospect n.
（常用复数）前景，前途；景象
&Being a young man, he owns&
brilliant prospects.作为年轻人，他前景无量
261. prosperity n.兴旺，繁荣
&the prosperity of a cause 事业的兴旺262. aspect n.
方面；朝向；面貌
&We should consider a problem in all its aspects.
我们应该全面考虑问题
&The city has taken on an entirely new aspect.
这个城市已经旧貌换新颜
263. cope vi. (with)（成功地）应付，处理
&Mary knows how to cope with various difficulties.
玛丽知道如何克服各种困难。264. core n. 果心，核心
&If we want to solve the problem, we shall get at
the core of it. 如果想解决问题，我们就要深入到问题的核心。
（搭配）be rotten to the core 腐烂透顶，to the core 直到骨子里
265. maintain vt. 维持，保持；坚持，主张
&He maintained that it was wrong. 他坚持认为这是错的。266.
mainland n. 大陆
&the mainland states of the United States
美国本土各州267. discipline n. 纪律；惩罚；（古英语）学科
&A soldier should obey the military discipline.
军人应遵守军纪
268. domestic a. 本国的，国内的；家用的；家庭的
（例）Never interfere in China’s domestic affairs. 不要干预中国内政
（搭配）a domestic servant 家仆a domestic appliance 家用电器269. constant a.
不变的，恒定的 n. 常数
（例）This kind of flowers needs a constant temperature room to grow
fine. 这种花卉在恒温室里才能长得好。
270. cliff n. 悬崖，峭壁
&She felt dizzy at the top of the cliff.
在峭壁顶，她感到了头晕
271. authority n. 权威；(复数)当局
&The dictator is supreme in authority.
独裁者权力是无上的
&There was no news from the authorities concerned.
有关当局还没有消息传来
272. audio a. 听觉的
He lost his audio ability in his childhood. 他在小时候就失聪了
273. attitude(to /towards) n. 态度
（例）What’s your attitude towards the question? 你对这个问题的态度如何
（搭配）strike an attitude 装腔作势
274. community n. 社区，社会
a community universtiy 社区大学，the European Community 欧洲共同体
275. commit vt. 犯（错误，罪行等），干（坏事等）
&The 17-year-old boy committed the motoring
offence by driving without driving licnese.
这个17岁的男孩因为没有驾驶证而违反了交通法规
&（搭配）commit a murder 凶杀，commit suicide 自杀
276. comment n./vt. 评论
&Have you any comments to make? 你有什么评论吗
&I have nothing to comment&
没什么说的&
277. distinguish vt. 区分，辨别
&He cannot distinguish red from yellow.
他红色和黄色分不清
278. distress n. 痛苦，悲伤 vt. 使痛苦
&Her death was a distress to the family.
她的去世给家人带来悲伤
&They were distressed to hear that she died.
他们听得她的去世的消息感到难过
279. facility n. [pl.] 设备，设施；便利，方便
&There should be some facilities for the old
people. 该给老人准备些方便设施
280. faculty n. 能力，技能；系，学科，学院；全体教员
&The faculty of learning English&
学习英语的能力
&The faculty of College English
Department&& 大学英语部全体教员
281. mixture n. 混合，混合物
&The mixture of orange juice and
water& 橘子汁和水的混合物
282. mood n. 心情，情绪；语气
&I’m not in the mood to disagree with you.
我没有心思和你争论
&in a good mood 心境好
283. moral a. 道德上的，有道德的
&moral responsibilities 道德责任
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